A stay of execution is a court order to temporarily suspend the execution of a court judgment or other court order . The word `` execution '' does not necessarily mean the death penalty ; it refers to the imposition of whatever judgment is being stayed .

South Africa played its first Test match in cricket in 1889 against England at Port Elizabeth , becoming the third Test nation after England and Australia . This is a list of the men and women who have been the official South African captains in cricket .

Victory in Europe Day , generally known as V-E Day , VE Day or simply V Day , was the public holiday celebrated on 8 May 1945 to mark the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Nazi Germany 's unconditional surrender of its armed forces . It thus marked the end of World War II in Europe .

Chile Eboe - Osuji from NigeriaThe Presidency of the International Criminal Court is the organ responsible for the proper administration of the Court ( apart from the Office of the Prosecutor ) . The Presidency oversees the activities of the Registry and organises the work of the judicial divisions . It also has some responsibilities in the area of external relations , such as negotiating agreements on behalf of the court and promoting public awareness and understanding of the institution .

The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960 . With members John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison and Ringo Starr , they became widely regarded as the foremost and most influential music band . Rooted in skiffle , beat and 1950s rock and roll , the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles , ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock , often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways . In 1963 their enormous popularity first emerged as `` Beatlemania '' ; as the group 's music grew in sophistication , led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney , the band were integral to pop music 's evolution into an art form and to the development of the counterculture of the 1960s .

below the thalamus|forms the ventral part of the diencephalonThe hypothalamus ( from Greek ὑπό , `` under '' and θάλαμος , thalamus ) is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions . One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland ( hypophysis ) .

A language barrier is a figurative phrase used primarily to refer to linguistic barriers to communication , i.e. the difficulties in communication experienced by people or groups speaking different languages , or even dialects in some cases .

`` I Do n't Know How to Love Him '' is a song from the 1970 rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar written by Andrew Lloyd Webber ( music ) and Tim Rice ( lyrics ) , a torch ballad sung by the character of Mary Magdalene . In the opera she is presented as bearing an unrequited love for the title character . The song has been much recorded , with `` I Do n't Know How to Love Him '' being one of the rare songs to have had two concurrent recordings reach the Top 40 of the Hot 100 chart in Billboard magazine , specifically those by Helen Reddy and Yvonne Elliman , since the 1950s when multi-version chartings were common .

This is a list of colleges in Chittagong , Bangladesh .

Julianne Moore ( born Julie Anne Smith ; December 3 , 1960 ) is an American actress , prolific in films since the early 1990s . She is particularly known for her portrayals of emotionally troubled women in both independent and Hollywood films , and has received many accolades , including the 2014 Academy Award for Best Actress .

The relations between Germany and Japan ( Japanese : 日 独 関係 , translit . Nichidokukankei and German : Deutsch - japanische Beziehungen ) were officially established in 1860 with the first ambassadorial visit to Japan from Prussia ( which predated the formation of the German Empire in 1866 / 1870 ) . Japan modernized rapidly after the Meiji Restoration of 1867 , often using German models through intense intellectual and cultural exchange . After 1900 Japan aligned itself with Britain , and Germany and Japan were enemies in World War I. Japan declared war on the German Empire in 1914 and seized key German possessions in China and the Pacific .

In computing and optical disc recording technologies , an optical disc ( OD ) is a flat , usually circular disc which encodes binary data ( bits ) in the form of pits ( binary value of 0 or off , due to lack of reflection when read ) and lands ( binary value of 1 or on , due to a reflection when read ) on a special material ( often aluminium ) on one of its flat surfaces . The encoding material sits a top a thicker substrate ( usually polycarbonate ) which makes up the bulk of the disc and forms a dust defocusing layer . The encoding pattern follows a continuous , spiral path covering the entire disc surface and extending from the innermost track to the outermost track . The data is stored on the disc with a laser or stamping machine , and can be accessed when the data path is illuminated with a laser diode in an optical disc drive which spins the disc at speeds of about 200 to 4,000 RPM or more , depending on the drive type , disc format , and the distance of the read head from the center of the disc ( inner tracks are read at a higher disc speed ) . Most optical discs exhibit a characteristic iridescence as a result of the diffraction grating formed by its grooves . This side of the disc contains the actual data and is typically coated with a transparent material , usually lacquer . The reverse side of an optical disc usually has a printed label , sometimes made of paper but often printed or stamped onto the disc itself . Unlike the 31⁄2 - inch floppy disk , most optical discs do not have an integrated protective casing and are therefore susceptible to data transfer problems due to scratches , fingerprints , and other environmental problems .

oxidative phosphorylationPhosphorylation allows coupling and addition of a phosphoryl group . This particular biochemistry probably represents the origins of catecholamine overload ( PO ) to a molecule . In biology , phosphorylation and its counterpart , dephosphorylation , are critical for many cellular processes . A large fraction of proteins ( between 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the proteome in eukaryotes ) are temporarily phosphorylated , as are many sugars , lipids , and other molecules . Phosphorylation is especially important for protein function as this modification activates ( or deactivates ) almost half of the enzymes , thereby regulating their function . Protein phosphorylation is considered the most abundant post-translational modification in eukaryotes . Phosphorylation can occur on Serine , Threonine and Tyrosine side chains ( often called ' residues ' ) through phosphoester bond formation , on Histidine , Lysine and Arginine through phosphoramidate bonds , and on Aspartic Acid and Glutamic Acid through mixed anhydride linkages . Recent evidence confirms widespread Histidine phosphorylation at both the 1 and 3 N - atoms of the imidazole ring Recent work from 2017 ( preprinted at BioRxiv ) suggests widespread human protein phosphorylation on multiple non-canonical amino acids , including motifs containing phosphorylated histidine , aspartate , glutamate , arginine and lysine in HeLa cell extracts . Due to the chemical lability of these phosphorylated residues , and in marked contrast to Ser , Thr and Tyr phosphorylation , the analysis of phosphorylated Histidine using standard biochemical and mass spectrometric approaches is much more challenging and special procedures and separation techniques are required for their preservation alongside classical Ser , Thr and Tyr phosphorylation .

This list of school massacres by death toll contains those cases that occurred at kindergartens , schools and universities , as well as their affiliated buildings . If the perpetrator was a member of the school staff and the victims primarily his colleagues the case is not included here , but added to the list of workplace killings . School massacres are counted as incidents involving at least two deaths , excluding the potential death of the perpetrator .

The Jazz Singer is a 1927 American musical film . As the first feature - length motion picture with not only a synchronized recorded music score , but also lip - synchronous singing and speech in several isolated sequences , its release heralded the commercial ascendance of sound films and ended the silent film era . Directed by Alan Crosland and produced by Warner Bros. with its Vitaphone sound - on - disc system , the film , featuring six songs performed by Al Jolson , is based on a play of the same name by Samson Raphaelson , adapted from one of his short stories , `` The Day of Atonement '' .

Pretty Little Liars is a TV series which premiered on ABC Family on June 8 , 2010 . Developed by I. Marlene King , the series is based on the Pretty Little Liars book series by Sara Shepard . The series follows the lives of four girls , Aria Montgomery , Hanna Marin , Emily Fields , and Spencer Hastings , whose clique falls apart after the disappearance of their leader , Alison DiLaurentis . One year later , the estranged friends are reunited as they begin receiving messages from a mysterious figure named `` A '' who threatens to expose their deepest secrets , including ones they thought only Alison knew .

JoeThe Sky Is Everywhere is a young adult fiction novel by author Jandy Nelson . Published in March 2010 , it was Nelson 's debut novel and helped to launch her career as an author . It tells the story of an American high school girl , Lennie Walker , struggling to cope with the sudden death of her older sister . Lennie becomes romantically involved with both her sister 's former fiancé , who shares Lennie 's grief and loss , and also with a new boy in town who shares Lennie 's love of music . Ultimately , Lennie must choose between the two relationships .

Breach of contract is a legal cause of action and a type of civil wrong , in which a binding agreement or bargained - for exchange is not honored by one or more of the parties to the contract by non-performance or interference with the other party 's performance . Breach occurs when a party to a contract fails to fulfill his or her obligation as described in the contract , or communicates an intent to fail the obligation or otherwise appears not to be able to perform his or her obligation under the contract .