Saleisha StowersSeptember 19 ( 2007 - 09 - 19 ) -- December 12 , 2007 ( 2007 - 12 - 12 )

The ÷ Tour ( pronounced `` divide tour '' ) is the third world concert tour by English singer - songwriter , Ed Sheeran , in support of his third studio album , ÷ ( pronounced `` divide '' ) . It officially began on March 16 , 2017 , in Turin , Italy . Ticket sales started on February 2 , 2017 .

Coordinates : 49 ° 27.2603 ′ N 11 ° 02.9103 ′ E  /  49.4543383 ° N 11.0485050 ° E  / 49.4543383 ; 11.0485050 The Nuremberg trials ( German : Die Nürnberger Prozesse ) were a series of military tribunals held by the Allied forces under international law and the laws of war after World War II . The trials were most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political , military , judicial and economic leadership of Nazi Germany , who planned , carried out , or otherwise participated in the Holocaust and other war crimes . The trials were held in the city of Nuremberg , Germany , and their decisions marked a turning point between classical and contemporary international law .

drummer Gerry Polci`` December , 1963 ( Oh , What a Night ) '' is a song by the Four Seasons , written by original Four Seasons keyboard player Bob Gaudio and his future wife Judy Parker , produced by Gaudio , and included on the group 's album , Who Loves You ( 1975 ) .

A chemical substance , also known as a pure substance , is a form of matter that consists of molecules of the same composition and structure . It can not be separated into components by physical separation methods , i.e. , without breaking chemical bonds . Chemical substances can be simple substances , molecules , chemical compounds , or alloys .

Big Ben is the nickname for the Great Bell of the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London and is usually extended to refer to both the clock and the clock tower as well . The tower is officially known as Elizabeth Tower , renamed to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II in 2012 ; previously , it was known simply as the Clock Tower .

Nuclear power in the United States is provided by 99 commercial reactors with a net capacity of 100,350 megawatts ( MW ) , 65 pressurized water reactors and 34 boiling water reactors . In 2016 they produced a total of 805.3 terawatt - hours of electricity , which accounted for 19.7 % of the nation 's total electric energy generation . In 2016 , nuclear energy comprised nearly 60 percent of U.S. emission - free generation .

India Joy EisleyIndia Joy Eisley ( born October 29 , 1993 ) is an American actress . She is known for her role as Ashley Juergens in the ABC Family television series The Secret Life of the American Teenager , and her roles as Eve in 2012 film Underworld : Awakening , Sawa in the 2014 film Kite , and Audrina in the 2016 television film My Sweet Audrina .

A polyalphabetic cipher is any cipher based on substitution , using multiple substitution alphabets . The Vigenère cipher is probably the best - known example of a polyalphabetic cipher , though it is a simplified special case . The Enigma machine is more complex but is still fundamentally a polyalphabetic substitution cipher .

In South Africa , private and public health systems exist in parallel . The public system serves the vast majority of the population , but is chronically underfunded and understaffed . The wealthiest 20 % of the population use the private system and are far better served . In 2005 , South Africa spent 8.7 % of GDP on health care , or US $437 per capita . Of that , approximately 42 % was government expenditure . About 79 % of doctors work in the private sector .

The sixth season of the American comedy - drama television series Orange Is the New Black premiered on Netflix on July 27 , 2018 , at 12 : 00 am PDT in multiple countries . It consists of thirteen episodes , each between 50 and 84 minutes . The series is based on Piper Kerman 's memoir , Orange Is the New Black : My Year in a Women 's Prison ( 2010 ) , about her experiences at FCI Danbury , a minimum - security federal prison . The series is created and adapted for television by Jenji Kohan .

James Thomas `` Cool Papa '' Bell ( May 17 , 1903 -- March 7 , 1991 ) was an American center fielder in Negro league baseball from 1922 to 1946 . He is considered by many baseball observers to have been one of the fastest men ever to play the game . Stories demonstrating Bell 's speed are still widely circulated . He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974 . He ranked 66th on a list of the greatest baseball players published by The Sporting News in 1999 .

A driver 's licence ( or driver licence ) is required in Australia before a person is permitted to drive a motor vehicle of any description on a road in Australia for commerce . The responsibility for the regulation and enforcement of road use , including light vehicle driver licensing is the responsibility of the state and territory governments . A driver 's licence issued in one Australian state or territory is recognised and valid in the other states and territories .

tree lineThe tree line is the edge of the habitat at which trees are capable of growing . It is found at high elevations and in frigid environments . Beyond the tree line , trees can not tolerate the environmental conditions ( usually cold temperatures or lack of moisture ) . The tree line should not be confused with a lower timberline or forest line , which is the line where trees form a forest with a closed canopy .

Russia

Norman Ernest Borlaug ( March 25 , 1914 -- September 12 , 2009 ) was an American agronomist and humanitarian who led initiatives worldwide that contributed to the extensive increases in agricultural production termed the Green Revolution . Borlaug was awarded multiple honors for his work , including the Nobel Peace Prize , the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal .

The nuclear weapons tests of the United States were performed between 1945 and 1992 as part of the nuclear arms race . The United States conducted around 1,054 nuclear tests by official count , including 216 atmospheric , underwater , and space tests . Most of the tests took place at the Nevada Test Site ( NNSS / NTS ) and the Pacific Proving Grounds in the Marshall Islands and off Kiribati Island in the Pacific , plus three in the Atlantic Ocean . Ten other tests took place at various locations in the United States , including Alaska , Nevada other than the NNSS / NTS , Colorado , Mississippi , and New Mexico .

The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas ( released as The Boy in the Striped Pajamas in the United States ) is a 2008 British historical drama film set in World War II , based on the novel of the same name by John Boyne . Directed by Mark Herman , produced by BBC Films and Heyday Films , and distributed by Miramax , the film stars Vera Farmiga , David Thewlis , Asa Butterfield , and Jack Scanlon . It was released on 12 September 2008 in the United Kingdom .